U.S. Constitution
of 1787
23rd
Amendment
#
|
US
Constitution Amendment
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Proposal Date
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Enacted Date
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23rd
|
Provides for representation of Washington, D.C., in
the Electoral College - Signers: Speaker of the House Sam Rayburn (D) & US Senator Michael Mansfield
(D-MT)
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June 16, 1960
|
March 29, 1961
|
The Twenty-third Amendment to
the United States Constitution provides the right for citizens in the District
of Columbia to vote for Electors for President and Vice President. The
amendment was proposed by Congress on June 17, 1960, and ratified by the states
on March 29, 1961. The first Presidential election in which it was in effect
was the Lyndon B. Johnson vs Barry Goldwater presidential election of 1964.
Before the passage of the amendment, residents of Washington, D.C. were
forbidden from voting for President or Vice President as the District is not a
U.S. state.
Section 1. The District constituting the seat of Government of the
United States shall appoint in such manner as the Congress may direct:
A number of electors of President and Vice President equal to the whole
number of Senators and Representatives in Congress to which the District would be
entitled if it were a State, but in no event more than the least populous
State; they shall be in addition to those appointed by the States, but they
shall be considered, for the purposes of the election of President and Vice
President, to be electors appointed by a State; and they shall meet in the
District and perform such duties as provided by the twelfth article of
amendment.
Section 2. The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by
appropriate legislation.
The 23rd Amendment restricts the district to the
number of Electors of the least populous state, irrespective of its own
population. As of 2011, that state is Wyoming, which has three Electors.
However, even without this clause, the district's present population would
entitle it to only three Electors. Since the passage of this amendment, the
District's electoral votes have gone towards the candidates of the Democratic
Party in every presidential election.
Exhibited is United
States Senate Document No. 49, of the
Eighty-Seventh Congress , First Session, done by the United States Government Printing Office,
Washington, 1961, This printing is
the official document transmitted by the US Congress to State Legislatures for
their Ratification consideration of the proposed 23rd Amendment. The
printing includes the Constitution of 1787, its ratified Amendments and
proposed 23rd Amendment. Historical notes are written by Denys P.
Myers, and they include resolutions and letters of the 1787 Philadelphia
Convention; details on Ratification; details on Amendments and their
Ratification from 1791-1961; History of the Printed Archtype; Preparation of
an Authentic Text; The Record Book Of Ratifications; The Handling of
Ratification Documents; Secretary Thomson and the Transfer of Records; and the
Variety of Official Prints .
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